The policies below are taken from Section 16 of the Big Sky Country MLS Rules & Regulations Handbook. Everything marked with a M identifies a mandatory NAR VOW policy adopted by the BSCMLS.

16.1 – VOW Defined

A “Virtual Office Website” (VOW) is a Participant’s Internet website, or a feature of a Participant’s website, through which the Participant is capable of providing real estate Brokerage services to consumers with whom the Participant has first established a Broker-consumer relationship (as defined by state law) where the consumer has the opportunity to search MLS listing information, subject to the Participant’s oversight, supervision, and accountability. A non-principal Broker or sales licensee affiliated with a Participant may, with their Participant’s consent, operate a VOW. Any VOW of a non-principal Broker or sales licensee is subject to the Participant’s oversight, supervision, and accountability. M

As used in Section 16 of these rules, the term “Participant” includes a Participant’s affiliated non-principal Brokers and sales licensees—except when the term is used in the phrases “Participant’s consent” and “Participant’s oversight, supervision, and accountability”. References to “VOW” and “VOWs” include all Virtual Office Websites, whether operated by a Participant, by a non-principal Broker or sales licensee, or by an “Affiliated VOW Partner” (AVP) on behalf of a Participant. M

“Affiliated VOW Partner” (AVP) refers to an entity or person designated by a Participant to operate a VOW on behalf of the Participant, subject to the Participant’s supervision, accountability, and compliance with the VOW policy. No AVP has independent participation rights in the MLS by virtue of its right to receive information on behalf of a Participant. No AVP has the right to use MLS listing information, except in connection with operation of a VOW on behalf of one or more Participants. Access by an AVP to MLS listing information is derivative of the rights of the Participant on whose behalf the AVP operates a VOW. M

As used in Section 16 of these rules, the term “MLS listing information” refers to active listing information and sold data provided by Participants to the MLS and aggregated and distributed by the MLS to Participants. M

16.2

The right of a Participant’s VOW to display MLS listing information is limited to that supplied by the MLS(s) in which the Participant has participatory rights. However, a Participant with offices participating in different MLSs may operate a master website with links to the VOWs of the other offices. M

Subject to the provisions of the VOW policy and these rules, a Participant’s VOW, including any VOW operated on behalf of a Participant by an AVP, may provide other features, information, or functions, e.g., “Internet Data Exchange” (IDX). M

Except as otherwise provided in the VOW policy or in these rules, a Participant need not obtain separate permission from other MLS Participants whose listings will be displayed on the Participant’s VOW. M

16.3

Before permitting any consumer to search for or retrieve any MLS listing information on their VOW, the Participant must take each of the following

The Participant must first establish with that consumer a lawful Broker-consumer relationship (as defined by state law), including completion of all actions required by state law in connection with providing real estate Brokerage services to clients and customers (hereinafter, “Registrants”). Such actions shall include, but are not limited to, satisfying all applicable agency, non-agency, and other disclosure obligations, and execution of any required agreements.

The Participant must obtain the name of and a valid e-mail address for each Registrant. The Participant must send an e-mail to the address provided by the Registrant confirming that the Registrant has agreed to the terms of use (described in Subsection d., below). The Participant must verify that the e-mail address provided by the Registrant is valid and that the Registrant has agreed to the terms of use.

The Participant must require each Registrant to have a username and a password, the combination of which is different from those of all other Registrants on the VOW. The Participant may, at their option, supply the username and password or may allow the Registrant to establish its username and password. The Participant must also assure that any e-mail address is associated with only one username and password. M

The Participant must assure that each Registrant’s password expires on a certain date, but may provide for renewal of the password. The Participant must at all times maintain a record of the name, e-mail address, username, and current password of each Registrant. The Participant must keep such records for not less than one hundred eighty (180) days after the expiration of the validity of the Registrant’s password. M

If the MLS has reason to believe that a Participant’s VOW has caused or permitted a breach in the security of MLS listing information or a violation of MLS rules, the Participant shall, upon request of the MLS, provide the name, e-mail address, username, and current password, of any Registrant suspected of involvement in the breach or violation. The Participant shall also, if requested by the MLS, provide an audit trail of activity by any such Registrant. M

The Participant shall require each Registrant to review and affirmatively to express agreement (by mouse click or otherwise) to a terms of use provision that provides at least the following:

that the Registrant acknowledges entering into a lawful consumer-Broker relationship with the Participant

that all information obtained by the Registrant from the VOW is intended only for the Registrant’s personal, non-commercial use

that the Registrant has a bona fide interest in the purchase, sale, or lease of real estate of the type being offered through the VOW

that the Registrant will not copy, redistribute, or retransmit any of the information provided, except in connection with the Registrant’s consideration of the purchase or sale of an individual property

that the Registrant acknowledges the MLS’ ownership of and the validity of the MLS’ copyright in the MLS database. M

The terms of use agreement may not impose a financial obligation on the Registrant or create any representation agreement between the Registrant and the Participant. Any agreement entered into at any time between the Participant and Registrant imposing a financial obligation on the Registrant or creating representation of the Registrant by the Participant must be established separately from the terms of use, must be prominently labeled as such, and may not be accepted solely by mouse click. M

The terms of use agreement shall also expressly authorize the MLS and other MLS Participants or their duly authorized representatives to access the VOW for the purposes of verifying compliance with MLS rules and monitoring display of Participants’ listings by the VOW. The agreement may also include such other provisions as may be agreed to between the Participant and the Registrant. M

16.4

A Participant’s VOW must prominently display an e-mail address, telephone number, or specific identification of another mode of communication (e.g., live chat) by which a consumer can contact the Participant to ask questions or get more information about any property displayed on the VOW. The Participant or a non-principal Broker or sales licensee licensed with the Participant must be willing and able to respond knowledgeably to inquiries from Registrants about properties within the market area served by that Participant and displayed on the VOW. M

16.5

A Participant’s VOW must employ reasonable efforts to monitor for and prevent misappropriation, scraping, and other unauthorized uses of MLS listing information. A Participant’s VOW shall utilize appropriate security protection such as firewalls as long as this requirement does not impose security obligations greater than those employed concurrently by the MLS. M

NOTE: MLSs may adopt rules requiring Participants to employ specific security measures, provided that any security measure required does not impose obligations greater than those employed by the MLS.

16.6

A Participant’s VOW shall not display the listings or property addresses of any seller who has affirmatively directed the listing Broker to withhold the seller’s listing or property address from display on the Internet. The listing Broker shall communicate to the MLS that the seller has elected not to permit display of the listing or property address on the Internet. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant who operates a VOW may provide to consumers via other delivery mechanisms, such as e-mail, fax, or otherwise, the listings of sellers who have determined not to have the listing for their property displayed on the Internet. M

A Participant who lists a property for a seller who has elected not to have the property listing or the property address displayed on the Internet shall cause the seller to execute a document that includes the following (or a substantially similar) provision. M

Seller Opt-out Form

Check one...

I have advised my Broker or sales agent that I do not want the listed property to be displayed on the Internet.

I have advised my Broker or sales agent that I do not want the address of the listed property to be displayed on the Internet.

I understand and acknowledge that if I have selected Option a., consumers who conduct searches for listings on the Internet will not see information about the listed property in response to their

The Participant shall retain such forms for at least one (1) year from the date they are signed or one (1) year from the date the listing goes off the market, whichever is greater. M

16.7

Subject to Subsection b., below, a Participant’s VOW may allow third-parties:

to write comments or reviews about particular listings or display a hyperlink to such comments or reviews in immediate conjunction with particular listings, or

to display an automated estimate of the market value of the listing (or hyperlink to such estimate) in immediate conjunction with the listing. M

Notwithstanding the foregoing, at the request of a seller, the Participant shall disable or discontinue either or both of those features described in Subsection a. as to any listing of the seller. The listing Broker or agent shall communicate to the MLS that the seller has elected to have one or both of these features disabled or discontinued on all Participants’ websites. Subject to the foregoing and to Section 16.8, a Participant’s VOW may communicate the Participant’s professional judgment concerning any listing. A Participant’s VOW may notify its customers that a particular feature has been disabled at the request of the seller. M

16.8

A Participant’s VOW shall maintain a means (e.g., e-mail address, telephone number) to receive comments from the listing Broker about the accuracy of any information that is added by or on behalf of the Participant beyond that supplied by the MLS and that relates to a specific property displayed on the VOW. The Participant shall correct or remove any false information relating to a specific property within forty-eight (48) hours following receipt of a communication from the listing Broker explaining why the data or information is false. The Participant shall not, however, be obligated to correct or remove any data or information that simply reflects good faith opinion, advice, or professional judgment. M

16.9

A Participant shall cause the MLS listing information available on its VOW to be refreshed at least once every three (3) days. M

16.10

Except as provided in these rules, in the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS®’ VOW policy, or in any other applicable MLS rules or policies, no Participant shall distribute, provide, or make accessible any portion of the MLS listing information to any person or entity. M

16.11

A Participant’s VOW must display the Participant’s privacy policy informing Registrants of all of the ways in which information that they provide may be used. M

16.12

A Participant’s VOW may exclude listings from display based only on objective criteria, including, but not limited to, factors such as geography, list price, type of property, whether the listing Broker is a REALTOR®. M

16.13

A Participant who intends to operate a VOW to display MLS listing information must notify the MLS of its intention to establish a VOW and must make the VOW readily accessible to the MLS and to all MLS Participants for purposes of verifying compliance with these rules, the VOW policy, and any other applicable MLS rules or policies. M

16.14

A Participant may operate more than one VOW himself or herself or through an AVP. A Participant who operates their own VOW may contract with an AVP to have the AVP operate other VOWs on their behalf. However, any VOW operated on behalf of a Participant by an AVP is subject to the supervision and accountability of the Participant. M

NOTE: Adoption of Sections 16.15 thru 16.19 is at the discretion of the MLS. However, if any of the following sections are adopted, an equivalent requirement must be imposed on Participants’ use of MLS listing information in providing Brokerage service through all other delivery mechanisms.

16.15

A Participant’s VOW may not make available for search by or display to Registrants any of the following information:

expired and withdrawn listings

NOTE: Due to the 2015 changes in IDX policy and the requirement that Participants be permitted to make MLS listing information available to Registrants of VOW sites where such information may be made available via other delivery mechanisms, MLSs can no longer prohibit the display of pending (“under contract”) listings on VOW sites.

the compensation offered to other MLS Participants

the type of listing agreement, i.e., Exclusive Right to Sell or Exclusive Agency

the seller’s and occupant’s name(s), phone number(s), or e-mail address(es)

instructions or remarks intended for cooperating Brokers only, such as those regarding showings or security of listed property

sold information

16.16

A Participant shall not change the content of any MLS listing information that is displayed on a VOW from the content as it is provided in the MLS. The Participant may, however, augment MLS listing information with additional information not otherwise prohibited by these rules or by other applicable MLS rules or policies, as long as the source of such other information is clearly identified. This rule does not restrict the format of display of MLS listing information on VOWs or the display on VOWs of fewer than all of the listings or fewer than all of the authorized information fields.

16.17

A Participant shall cause to be placed on their VOW a notice indicating that the MLS listing information displayed on the VOW is deemed reliable, but is not guaranteed accurate by the MLS. A Participant’s VOW may include other appropriate disclaimers necessary to protect the Participant and/or the MLS from liability.

16.18

A Participant shall cause any listing that is displayed on their VOW to identify the name of the listing firm and the listing Broker or agent in a readily visible color, in a reasonably prominent location, and in typeface not smaller than the median typeface used in the display of listing data.

16.19

A Participant shall require that Registrants’ passwords be reconfirmed or changed every ninety (90) days.

NOTE: Participants may, at their option, require Registrants to reconfirm or change passwords more frequently. M

16.20

A Participant may display advertising and the identification of other entities (“co-branding”) on any VOW the Participant operates or that is operated on their behalf. However, a Participant may not display on any such VOW deceptive or misleading advertising or co-branding. For purposes of this section, co-branding will be presumed not to be deceptive or misleading if the Participant’s logo and contact information (or that of at least one Participant, in the case of a VOW established and operated on behalf of more than one Participant) is displayed in immediate conjunction with that of every other party, and the logo and contact information of all Participants displayed on the VOW is as large as the logo of the AVP and larger than that of any third party.

16.21

A Participant shall cause any listing displayed on their VOW obtained from other sources, including from another MLS or from a Broker not participating in the MLS, to identify the source of the listing.

16.22

A Participant shall cause any listing displayed on their VOW obtained from other sources, including from another MLS or from a Broker not participating in the MLS, to be searched separately from listings in the MLS.

16.23

Participants and the AVPs operating VOWs on their behalf must execute the license agreement required by the MLS. 16.24MLSs must include the listing broker’s offer of compensation for each active listing displayed on its consumer-facing website(s) and in MLS data feeds provided to participants and subscribers and must permit MLS participants or subscribers to share such information though IDX and VOW displays or through any other form or format provided to clients and consumers. The information about the offer of compensation must be accompanied by a disclaimer stating that the offer is made only to participants of the MLS where the listing is filed. (Amended 11/21) M